An evaluation of the impact of structured discharge planning by nurses on post-cardiac surgery outcomes in Benue State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Cardiac surgery, including procedures like coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and heart valve replacement, has become a common treatment option for patients with severe cardiovascular conditions. However, the post-surgery recovery phase is crucial for ensuring optimal outcomes, with complications such as infections, arrhythmias, and readmissions being common risks (Umar et al., 2023). Effective discharge planning is critical for reducing these risks and ensuring a smooth transition from hospital to home. Structured discharge planning involves detailed preparation for a patient’s care after leaving the hospital, including education on medications, lifestyle changes, and follow-up care, which can significantly influence recovery and reduce the likelihood of readmission (Adebayo et al., 2023).
In Benue State University Teaching Hospital, as in many other healthcare settings, there is a growing emphasis on discharge planning, but its effectiveness in improving post-cardiac surgery outcomes has not been thoroughly evaluated. Structured discharge planning by nurses has been shown to improve patient understanding of their health conditions, enhance medication adherence, and reduce post-surgical complications (Agboola & Omoniyi, 2024). However, despite its importance, the structured discharge process is often inconsistent and may not be well coordinated, especially in settings with high patient volumes and limited resources (Adeoye & Iyiola, 2023).
This study aims to evaluate the impact of structured discharge planning by nurses on post-cardiac surgery outcomes in Benue State University Teaching Hospital, specifically focusing on reducing complications, readmissions, and improving long-term recovery.
Statement of the Problem
While discharge planning is a key component of post-operative care, there is insufficient evidence regarding the specific impact of structured discharge planning by nurses on outcomes for cardiac surgery patients in Benue State University Teaching Hospital. Inadequate discharge planning may contribute to higher rates of post-surgery complications and hospital readmissions. This study seeks to address the gap by evaluating how structured discharge planning by nurses influences the recovery and long-term outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Objectives of the Study
- To evaluate the impact of structured discharge planning by nurses on the recovery outcomes of cardiac surgery patients in Benue State University Teaching Hospital.
- To assess the role of nurse-led discharge planning in preventing readmissions and reducing complications post-cardiac surgery.
- To identify the barriers and challenges in implementing structured discharge planning in the hospital.
Research Questions
- What is the impact of structured discharge planning by nurses on post-cardiac surgery outcomes in Benue State University Teaching Hospital?
- How does structured discharge planning influence the rate of complications and readmissions among cardiac surgery patients?
- What are the challenges faced by nurses in implementing structured discharge planning for cardiac surgery patients in Benue State University Teaching Hospital?
Research Hypotheses
- Structured discharge planning by nurses significantly improves the recovery outcomes of cardiac surgery patients in Benue State University Teaching Hospital.
- Nurse-led discharge planning reduces the rate of complications and readmissions in cardiac surgery patients.
- There are significant barriers to implementing structured discharge planning in the hospital setting.
Scope and Limitations of the Study This study will focus on patients who have undergone cardiac surgery at Benue State University Teaching Hospital. Limitations include potential challenges related to the consistency of discharge planning procedures across different wards and the hospital's resource constraints.
Definitions of Terms
- Structured discharge planning: A systematic approach to preparing patients for a smooth transition from hospital to home, including education on self-care, medications, and follow-up care.
- Post-cardiac surgery outcomes: The clinical results following cardiac surgery, including recovery time, complications, and the need for readmission.
- Nurse-led interventions: Nursing actions and strategies implemented by nurses to support patient care and improve health outcomes.
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